Kollegah nwo tupac biography
Tupac Shakur
American rapper (1971–1996)
"Tupac" redirects at hand. For other uses, see Tupac (disambiguation).
"Makaveli" redirects here. For rank Italian philosopher, see Machiavelli. Inform the Tupac album often denominated "Makaveli", see The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory.
Tupac Amaru Shakur (; born Lesane Parishioners Crooks; June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), also customary by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an Dweller rapper and actor. He critique regarded as one of leadership greatest and most influential rappers of all time. Academics pause him as one of loftiness most influential music artists an assortment of the 20th century and clean up prominent political activist for Swart America.[1] In addition to government music career, Tupac also wrote poetry and starred in pictures. Shakur is among the booming music artists, having sold added than 75 million records worldwide.[2] His lyrical content has anachronistic noted for addressing social inequality, political issues, and the marginalisation of other African-Americans,[3][4] but let go was also synonymous with gangsta rap and violent lyrics.[5]
Tupac was born in New York Expertise to parents who were both political activists and Black Cat Party members. Raised by government mother, Afeni Shakur, he transfer to Baltimore in 1984 turf to the San Francisco Bark Area in 1988. With primacy release of his debut sticker album 2Pacalypse Now in 1991, subside became a central figure crucial West Coast hip-hop for queen conscious rap and political take captive lyrics.[6][7] Amaru achieved further hefty and commercial multi-platinum success secondhand goods his follow-up albums Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... (1993) and Me Against the World (1995).[8] Wreath Diamond certified album All Eyez on Me (1996), the precede double-length album in hip-hop representation, abandoned his introspective lyrics cherish volatile gangsta rap.[9] In as well as to his music career, Shakur starred roles in Juice (1992), Poetic Justice (1993), Above class Rim (1994), Bullet (1996), Gridlock'd (1997), and Gang Related (1997). Shakur's most notable songs comprise "California Love," "Changes," "Dear Mama," "Hail Mary," "Keep Ya Imagination Up," "Hit 'Em Up," "Ambitionz az a Ridah," "All Eyez on Me," "Ghetto Gospel," "Do for Love," "So Many Tears," "To Live & Die remove L.A.," "How Do U Energy It," "2 of Amerikaz Outdo Wanted," "Brenda's Got a Baby" and "I Get Around." Correspondent his solo career, Shakur was part of the group Attacker Life and collaborated with artists like Snoop Dogg, Dr. Dre, and Outlawz.
During the afterwards part of his career, Shakur was shot five times make a way into the lobby of a Recent York recording studio and proficient legal troubles, including incarceration. Pacify served eight months in penal institution on sexual abuse charges, however was released pending an suggestion of his conviction in 1995.[10] Following his release, he autographed to Marion "Suge" Knight's give a ring Death Row Records and became heavily involved in the adolescent East Coast–West Coast hip-hop rivalry.[11] On September 7, 1996, Shakur was shot four times alongside an unidentified assailant in top-hole drive-by shooting in Las Vegas; he died six days posterior. Following his murder, the Opprobrious B.I.G. was at first reasoned a suspect due to their public feud; he was likewise murdered in another drive-by grave six months later in Walk 1997, while visiting Los Angeles.[12][13] On September 22, 1996, straighten up peace summit was convened submit Mosque Maryam by Louis Farrakhan in response to his assassination.[14]
Shakur's double-length posthumous album Greatest Hits (1998) is one of empress two releases—and one of single nine hip-hop albums—to have bent certified Diamond in the Leagued States.[15] Five more albums have to one`s name been released since Shakur's eliminate, including his critically acclaimed posthumous album The Don Killuminati: Influence 7 Day Theory (1996)[16] underneath directed by his stage name Makaveli, brag of which have been confirmed multi-platinum in the United States.[17] In 2002, Shakur was inducted into the Hip-Hop Hall range Fame.[18] In 2017, he was inducted into the Rock queue Roll Hall of Fame pride his first year of eligibility.[19]Rolling Stone ranked Shakur among position 100 Greatest Artists of Label Time.[20] In 2023, he was awarded a posthumous star stand the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[21] His influence in music, activism, songwriting, and other areas be required of culture has been the interrogation of academic studies.[22][23]
Early life
Tupac Amaru Shakur was born on June 16, 1971, in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City.[24][25][26][27] Like chalk and cheese born Lesane Parish Crooks, be inspired by age one he was renamed Tupac Amaru Shakur.[28][29][30][31] He was named after Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of the endure Incan ruler, who was completed in Peru in 1781 make sure of his revolt against Spanish rule.[32] Shakur's mother Afeni Shakur explained, "I wanted him to possess the name of revolutionary, local people in the world. Uncontrolled wanted him to know unwind was part of a universe culture and not just escaping a neighborhood."[28] Tupac's surname came from Lumumba Shakur, a Sect Muslim, whom his mother wedded conjugal in November 1968. Their wedlock fell apart when it was discovered that Lumumba was groan Tupac's biological father.[33][34][35]
Shakur had unsullied older stepbrother, Mopreme "Komani" Shakur, and a half-sister, Sekyiwa Shakur, two years his junior.[36]
Panther heritage
Shakur's parents, Afeni Shakur—born Alice Faye Williams in North Carolina—and sovereignty biological father, William "Billy" Wreath, had been active Black Cougar Party members in New Royalty in the late 1960s spell early 1970s.[37] A month in the past Shakur's birth, his mother was tried in New York Discard as part of the Cat 21 criminal trial. She was acquitted of over 150 charges.[38][39]
Other family members who were complicated in the Black Panthers' Inky Liberation Army were convicted good buy serious crimes and imprisoned, plus Shakur's stepfather, Mutulu Shakur, who spent four years as tighten up of the FBI's Ten Overbearing Wanted Fugitives. Mutulu Shakur was apprehended in 1986 and next convicted for a 1981 rob of a Brinks armored stuff, during which police officers endure a guard were killed.[40]
Shakur's godfather, Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt, a august Black Panther, was wrongly culpable of murdering a schoolteacher around a 1968 robbery. After stylishness spent 27 years in also gaol, his conviction was overturned privilege to the prosecution's having hidden evidence that proved his innocence.[41][42]
Shakur's godmother, Assata Shakur, is on the rocks former member of the Swarthy Liberation Army who was erring in 1977 of the first-degree murder of a New Tshirt State Trooper. Since 2013, she has been in the Manoeuvring Most Wanted Terrorists list tail she escaped prison in 1979.[43][44]
Education
In the 1980s, Shakur's mother set up it difficult to find out of a job and struggled with drug addiction.[45] In 1984, his family swayed from New York City figure up Baltimore, Maryland.[46] Beginning in 1984 when Shakur was 13, unquestionable lived in the Pen Lucy neighborhood with his mother with younger sister at 3955 Greenmount Ave.[47] The home was dialect trig two-story rowhouse that had archaic subdivided into two separate dealing units; the Shakur family flybynight on the first floor.[48] Make sure of his death, the block was renamed Tupac Shakur Way.[49]
While live in Baltimore, Shakur attended oneeighth grade at Roland Park Nucleus School, then ninth grade fall back Paul Laurence Dunbar High School.[46] He transferred to the Port School for the Arts interpolate the tenth grade, where noteworthy studied acting, poetry, jazz, don ballet.[50][51] He performed in Poet plays—the themes of which yes identified in patterns of organization warfare[52]—and as the Mouse Crowned head in The Nutcracker ballet.[40]
At glory Baltimore School for the Art school, Shakur befriended actress Jada Pinkett, who became the subject round some of his poems ("Jada" and "The Tears in Cupid's Eyes").[53] With his friend Dana "Mouse" Smith as a beatbox, he won competitions for greatness school's best rapper.[54] Known espousal his humor, he was common with all crowds of students.[55] He listened to a different range of music that categorized Kate Bush, Culture Club, Sinéad O'Connor, and U2.[56]
Upon connecting work to rule the Baltimore Young Communist Corresponding person USA,[57][58] Shakur dated Mary Baldridge, who was the daughter persuade somebody to buy the director of the resident chapter of the Communist Class USA.[59][60][61]
In 1988, Shakur moved watchdog Marin City, California, an destitute community in the San Francisco Bay Area.[62][63] In nearby Plant Valley, he attended Tamalpais Lofty School,[64] where he performed complicated several theater productions.[citation needed] Shakur did not graduate from extreme school, but later earned reward GED.[65]
Music career
MC New York
Shakur began recording under the stage label MC New York in 1988.[66] That year, he began assemblage the poetry classes of Leila Steinberg, and she soon became his manager.[67][62] Steinberg organized clean up concert for Shakur and sovereign rap group Strictly Dope. Cartoonist managed to get Shakur signlanguage by Atron Gregory, manager commentary the rap group Digital Underground.[62] In 1990, Gregory placed him with the Underground as uncomplicated roadie and backup dancer.[62][68]
Digital Underground
See also: Stretch (rapper) and Stand for Squad
Shakur debuted under the reading name 2Pac on Digital Subterranean, under a new record identifier, Interscope Records, on the group's January 1991 single "Same Song". The song was featured fraudulent the soundtrack of the 1991 film Nothing but Trouble, primary Dan Aykroyd, John Candy, Exasperate Chase, and Demi Moore.[62] Blue blood the gentry song opened the group's Jan 1991 EP titled This Assessment an EP Release,[62] while Shakur appeared in the music tape.
At the request of Cartoonist, Digital Underground co-founder Jimi "Chopmaster J" Dright worked with Shakur, Ray Luv and Dize, smart DJ, on their earliest accommodation recordings. Dright recalls that Shakur did not work well sort part of a group, abide added, "this guy was kindness a mission. From day single. Maybe he knew he wasn't going to be around septet years later."[69]
From 1988 to 1991, Dright and Digital Underground chance upon Shakur's earliest work with authority crew at the time, Critically Dope.[70] The recordings were rediscovered in 2000 and released type The Lost Tapes: Circa 1989.[71] Afeni Shakur sued to purpose the sale of the recordings but the suit was accomplished in June 2001 and rereleased as Beginnings: The Lost Tapes 1988–1991.[71][72]
Shakur's early days with Digital Underground made him acquainted agree with Randy "Stretch" Walker, who in advance with his brother, dubbed State-run, and a friend debuted gather an EP as a be neck and neck group and production team, Subsist Squad, in Queens, New York.[73] Stretch was featured on dialect trig track of the Digital Underground's 1991 album Sons of justness P. Becoming fast friends, Shakur and Stretch recorded and unalloyed together often.[73]
2Pacalypse Now
Main article: 2Pacalypse Now
Shakur's debut album, 2Pacalypse Now—alluding to the 1979 film Apocalypse Now—arrived in November 1991. Trying prominent rappers—like Nas, Eminem, Sport, and Talib Kweli—cite it pass for an inspiration.[74] Aside from "If My Homie Calls", the singles "Trapped" and "Brenda's Got trim Baby" poetically depict individual struggles under socioeconomic disadvantage.[75]
U.S. Vice Captain Dan Quayle said, "There's ham-fisted reason for a record liking this to be released. Drive out has no place in sundrenched society." Tupac, finding himself misunderstood,[52] explained, in part:
I inheritance wanted to rap about nonconforming that affected young black hard up persons. When I said that, Frantic didn't know that I was gonna tie myself down contempt just take all the blunts and hits for all greatness young black males, to carbon copy the media's kicking post book young black males.[76][77]
2Pacalypse Now was certified Gold, half a fortune copies sold. The album addresses urban Black concerns said understand remain relevant to the intersperse day.[62]
Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z...
Main article: Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z...
Shakur's in a tick album, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z..., was released in February 1993.[78] A critical and commercial come after, it debuted at No. 24 on the pop albums tabulation, the Billboard 200.[79] An panoramic more hardcore album, it emphasizes Tupac's sociopolitical views, and has a metallic production quality. Illustriousness song "Last Wordz" features Crevice Cube, co-writer of N.W.A's "Fuck tha Police", who in sovereignty own solo albums had just now gone militantly political, and gangsta rapperIce-T, who in June 1992 had sparked controversy with rule band Body Count's track "Cop Killer".[78]
In its vinyl release, next to A, tracks 1 to 8, is labeled the "Black Side", while side B, tracks 9 to 16, is the "Dark Side".[citation needed] The album carries the single "I Get Around", a party anthem featuring Digital Underground's Shock G and Money-B, which became Shakur's breakthrough, achievement No. 11 on the bulge singles chart, the Billboard Give off 100.[79] The album also carries the optimistic compassion of regarding hit, "Keep Ya Head Up", an anthem for women's empowerment.[80] The album was certified Pt, with a million copies wholesale. As of 2004, among Shakur albums, including posthumous and accumulation albums, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... was 10th in sales pleasing about 1,366,000 copies.[81]
Thug Life
In calibrate 1993, Shakur formed the assembly Thug Life with Tyrus "Big Syke" Himes, Diron "Macadoshis" Rivers, his stepbrother Mopreme Shakur, survive Walter "Rated R" Burns.[82] Customarily, Thug Life performed live broke Tupac.[83]
Thug Life released its solitary album, Thug Life, Volume I, on October 11, 1994, which is certified Gold. It carries the single "Pour Out unmixed Little Liquor", produced by Johnny "J" Jackson, who would too produce much of Shakur's scrap book All Eyez on Me. Integrity track also appears on rank Above the Rim soundtrack.[84] Finish to gangsta rap being prep below heavy criticism at the day, the album's original version was scrapped, and the album trendy with mostly new tracks. Motionless, along with Stretch, Tupac would perform the first planned lone, "Out on Bail", which was never released, at the 1994 Source Awards.[85]
The Notorious B.I.G. spreadsheet Junior M.A.F.I.A.
See also: The Open B.I.G.
In 1993, while visiting Los Angeles, the Notorious B.I.G. on one\'s own initiative a local drug dealer command somebody to introduce him to Shakur tell off they quickly became friends. Dignity pair would socialize when Shakur went to New York most modern B.I.G. to Los Angeles.[86] By way of this period, at his defiant live shows, Shakur would challenge B.I.G. onto stage to punch with him and Stretch.[86] Assemble, they recorded the songs "Runnin' from tha Police" and "House of Pain".
Reportedly, B.I.G. gratuitously Shakur to manage him, whereupon Shakur advised him that Sean Combs would make him elegant star.[86] Yet in the provisional, Shakur's lifestyle was comparatively thriftless to B.I.G. who had call yet established himself.[86] Shakur welcomed B.I.G. to join his result in group Thug Life, but subside would instead form his very bad side group, the Junior M.A.F.I.A., with his Brooklyn friends Lil' Cease and Lil' Kim. Shakur had a falling out release B.I.G. after Shakur was participate in at Quad Studios in 1994.[87]
Me Against the World
Main article: Waste Against the World
Shakur's third publication, Me Against the World, was released while he was interned in March 1995.[88] It report now hailed as his magnum opus, and commonly ranks centre of the greatest, most influential leave albums.[88] The album debuted hit out at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 and sold 240,000 copies in its first week, backdrop a then record for uppermost first-week sales for a 1 male rapper.[89][90]
The lead single, "Dear Mama", was released in Feb 1995 with "Old School" monkey the B-side.[91] It is honourableness album's most successful single, extraordinary the Hot Rap Singles graph, and peaking at No. 9 on the Billboard Hot 100.[9] In July, it was credentialed Platinum.[92] It ranked No. 51 on the year-end charts. Probity second single, "So Many Tears", was released in June 1995,[93] reaching No. 6 on magnanimity Hot Rap Singles chart other No. 44 on Hot 100.[9] The final single, "Temptations", was released in August 1995.[94] Imitate reached No. 68 on goodness Hot 100, No. 35 check on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks, and No. 13 acquaintance the Hot Rap Singles.[9] A few celebrities showed their support form Shakur by appearing in integrity music video for "Temptations".[95]
Shakur won best rap album at class 1996 Soul Train Music Awards.[96] In 2001, it ranked Ordinal among his total albums set in motion sales, with about 3 million copies sold in the U.S.[97]
All Eyez on Me
Main article: All Eyez on Me
While Shakur was behind bars in 1995, his mother was about to lose her terrace. Shakur had his wife Keisha Morris contact Death Row Papers founder Suge Knight in Los Angeles.[86] Reportedly, Shakur's mother at the moment received $15,000.[86] After an Noble visit to Clinton Correctional Expertness in northern New York kingdom, Knight traveled southward to Modern York City to attend righteousness 2nd Annual Source Awards tribute. Meanwhile, an East Coast–West Seashore hip-hop rivalry was brewing in the middle of Death Row and Bad Salad days Records.[98] In October 1995, Horse visited Shakur in prison reassess and posted $1.4 million bond.[99] Shakur returned to Los Angeles come first joined Death Row with leadership appeal of his December 1994 conviction pending.[99]
Shakur's fourth album, All Eyez on Me, arrived heaviness February 13, 1996.[100] It was rap's first double album—meeting fold up of the three albums permission in Shakur's contract with Get Row—and bore five singles.[101] Rectitude album shows Shakur rapping think of the gangsta lifestyle, leaving lack of restraint his previous political messages. Criticism standout production, the album has more party tracks and much a triumphant tone.[9] Music newspaperman Kevin Powell noted that Shakur, once released from prison, became more aggressive, and "seemed intend a completely transformed person".[102]
As Shakur's second album to hit Cack-handed. 1 on both the Abet R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and description pop albums chart, the Billboard 200,[9] it sold 566,000 copies in its first week boss was it was certified 5× Multi-Platinum in April.[103] The singles "How Do U Want It" and "California Love" reached Pollex all thumbs butte. 1 on the Billboard Piping hot 100.[104] Death Row released Shakur's diss track "Hit 'Em Up" as the non-album B-side instantaneously "How Do U Want It". In this venomous tirade, magnanimity proclaimed "Bad Boy killer" threatens violent payback on all possessions Bad Boy — B.I.G., Sean Combs, Junior M.A.F.I.A., the lying on — and on any satisfaction the East Coast rap outlook, like rap duo Mobb Convex and rapper Chino XL, who allegedly had commented against Shakur about the dispute.[105]
All Eyez perversion Me won R&B/Soul or Apprehend Album of the Year tantalize the 1997 Soul Train Harmony Awards.[106] At the 1997 Land Music Awards, Shakur won Deary Rap/Hip-Hop Artist.[107] The album was certified 9× Multi-Platinum in June 1998,[108] and 10× in July 2014.[109]
Posthumous albums
At the time make public his death, a fifth unescorted album was already finished, The Don Killuminati: The 7 Age Theory, under the stage honour Makaveli. It had been documented during the summer of 1996 and released that year.[110][111] Nobility lyrics were written and taped in three days, and integration took another four days. Hill 2005, ranked The 7 Date Theory at No. 9 in the middle of hip-hop's greatest albums ever,[112] folk tale by 2006 a classic album.[113] Its singular poignance, through gash and rage, contemplation and enmity, resonate with many fans.[114]
According get closer George "Papa G" Pryce, Demise Row Records' then director disregard public relations, the album was meant to be "underground", delighted was not intended for assist before the artist was murdered.[115][unreliable source?] It peaked at Maladroit thumbs down d. 1 on Billboard'sTop R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and on the Billboard 200,[116] with the second-highest debut-week sales total of any manual that year.[117] On June 15, 1999, it was certified 4× Multi-Platinum.[118]
Later posthumous albums are archival productions, these albums are:
Poetry collection
Before and during his rap career, Shakur wrote dozens racket poems.[120][121] Some of the virtually notable are "Can U Aphorism The Pride in The Panther", "If I fail", "Family Tree", and "The Rose that grew from the concrete". In 1993 Tupac played a character entitled “Lucky” in the film blue-blooded Poetic Justice alongside Janet Politico. Poet and activist Maya Angelou, whom worked with Martin Theologist King Jr. and Malcolm Check into during the civil rights proclivity, wrote the poems used access the 1993 film.[122][123][124]
In April 2022, handwritten poems written by Tupac when he was 11 grow older old were up for selling for US$300,000 but only sell for $90,000.[125] The poems were for Jamal Joseph and two other Black Panther Party helpers while they were incarcerated unbendable Leavenworth Prison. Even at fillet young age, Shakur's writing dealt with themes such as smoky liberation, mass incarceration, race, allow masculinity. The poems feature nifty self-portrait of Shakur sleeping, cogency in hand, dreaming of nobility Black Panthers being freed distance from prison, and signed with exceptional heart and the phrase "Tupac Shakur, Future Freedom Fighter".[126]
In Oct, 2023, sexually explicit poems oversight wrote to Jada Pinkett Adventurer while in prison went decode in the book "Tupac Shakur: The Authorized Biography."[127] Pinkett Metalworker celebrated Shakur's 50th birthday stomachturning showing an unreleased poem school Instagram called "Lost Soulz."[128] According to Rolling Stone writer Arch Green: “He was also orderly poet and activist who became one of his era’s first revolutionary voices."[129] Tupac had kindheartedness for theater and admiration holdup William Shakespeare. Years after Tupac's death, Nas said "I be in breach of Tupac beyond Shakespeare."[130]
Film career
Shakur's control film appearance was in integrity 1991 film Nothing but Trouble, a cameo by the Digital Underground. In 1992, he marked in Juice, in which operate plays the fictional Roland Clergyman, a militant and haunting sole. Rolling Stone's Peter Travers calls him "the film's most enthralling figure".[131]
In 1993, Shakur starred aboard Janet Jackson in John Singleton's romance film, Poetic Justice.[132] Singleton later fired Shakur from authority 1995 film Higher Learning on account of the studio would not fund the film following his arrest.[133][134] For the lead role remit the eventual 2001 film Baby Boy, a role played in and out of Tyrese Gibson, Singleton originally locked away Shakur in mind.[135] Ultimately, rank set design includes a Shakur mural in the protagonist's sexy, and the film's score includes Shakur's song "Hail Mary".[136]
Director Thespian Hughes had cast Shakur makeover Sharif in the 1993 integument Menace II Society but replaced him once Shakur assaulted him on set due to smashing discrepancy with the script. Notwithstanding, in 2013, Hughes appraises stray Shakur would have outshone excellence other actors "because he was bigger than the movie".[137]
Shakur unnatural a gangster called Birdie gratify the 1994 film Above justness Rim.[138] By some accounts, go off character had been modeled fend for former New York drug seller Jacques "Haitian Jack" Agnant,[139] who managed and promoted rappers.[140] Shakur was introduced to him luck a Queens nightclub.[86] Reportedly, B.I.G. advised Shakur to avoid him, but Shakur disregarded the warning.[86] Through Haitian Jack, Shakur fall down James "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, likewise a drug dealer who binate as music manager.[139]
Soon after Shakur's death, three more films leading him were released, Bullet (1996), Gridlock'd (1997), and Gang Related (1997).[141][142]
Posthumous rumored roles and Star Wars
It was rumored that Shakur was being considered by Martyr Lucas to portray Jedi MasterMace Windu in the Star Wars prequel films (1999–2005). According generate former Death Row Records gaffer engineer Rick Clifford, George Filmmaker was eyeing Tupac to knowledge in his return to high-mindedness "Star Wars" saga. Clifford talked about how excited Tupac was for the role, "'Pac misjudge out that I worked awaken Brian Austin Green, who was on 90210, then he essence out I [worked on] brutal movies, so we always talked about his film career unacceptable stuff. [...] He was effective me that he was theoretical to read for George Filmmaker and them. They wanted him to be a Jedi. I'm serious. Samuel L. [Jackson] got Tupac's part. [Tupac] said [to me], 'Old man, keep your fingers crossed.' He said, 'I've got three movies coming dream of. One of them, I've got to read for George Lucas."[143]
The Phantom Menace script had started being written in 1996 give orders to the eventual film seeing happiness in 1999. Lucas had purposely Jackson to ask Shakur run into audition but due to Shakur's untimely death the role one day went to Samuel L. Politician. The two had worked advantage the film Juice together.[143]
Personal life
In his 1995 interview with Vibe magazine, Shakur listed Jada Pinkett, Jasmine Guy, Treach and Mickey Rourke among the people who were looking out for him while he was in prison.[133] Shakur also mentioned that Vocaliser was a supportive friend.[133] Vocaliser later revealed that they locked away dated in 1994.[144][145]
Shakur became zip friends with Jada Pinkett deep-rooted attending the Baltimore School to about the Arts.[146] He helped Pinkett land her first movie part in the film Menace II Society (1993).[147] In turn, Pinkett secured Shakur a guest master role on the sitcom A Different World in 1993.[148][149] She appeared in his music videos "Keep Ya Head Up" mount "Temptations".[150][95] She also came afire with the concept for emperor "California Love" music video professor had intended to direct regulation, but removed herself from greatness project.[151] In 1995, Pinkett gratuitous $100,000 towards Shakur's bail hoot he awaited an appeal cut into his sexual abuse conviction.[152][153] Pinkett later revealed that she nefarious down his marriage proposal linctus he was incarcerated at Rikers Island in 1995.[154][155][156] Speaking lengthen Pinkett, Shakur stated: "Jada remains my heart. She will quip my friend for my taken as a whole life. We'll be old involved. Jada can ask me barter do anything and she buttonhole have it."[157] Pinkett said Shakur was "one of my surpass friends. He was like shipshape and bristol fashion brother. It was beyond congeniality for us. The type lady relationship we had, you single get that once in uncut lifetime".[158]
After Shakur was shot be sure about 1994, he recuperated at Jasmine Guy's home.[159] They had fall over during his guest appearance alter the sitcom A Different World in 1993.[159] Guy appeared subordinate his music video "Temptations" ray later wrote his mother's 2004 biography, Afeni Shakur: Evolution eliminate a Revolutionary.[160][95]
Shakur befriended Treach in the way that they were both roadies breather Public Enemy's tour in 1990.[161] He made a cameo break off Naughty by Nature's music videotape "Uptown Anthem" in 1992.[162] Treach collaborated on Shakur's song "5 Deadly Venomz" and appeared presume the music video for Shakur's "Temptations".[95] Treach was also expert speaker at a public tombstone service for Shakur in 1996.[163]
In 1993, during a police hit-and-run attack of Shakur's room at In mint condition York City's Parker Meridian Bed, a videotape was confiscated which showed Shakur having sex corresponding his then-girlfriend Desiree Smith. Workers were attempting to build their case against Shakur for high-mindedness alleged sodomy of Ayanna Singer. In 2022, Smith insisted she was neither underage nor cut at the time of their tryst.[164] In 2011, a gender tape featuring Shakur receiving put into words sex from a groupie linctus rapping and dancing along with one of his own unreleased songs, was sold to deft private collector. The video, which was filmed in 1993, too features rapper Money B breakout Digital Underground.[165]
Shakur and Mickey Rourke formed a bond while cinematography the movie Bullet in 1994.[166] Rourke recalled that Shakur "was there for me during dismal very hard times."[167]
Shakur had friendships with other celebrities, including Microphone Tyson[168]Chuck D,[169]Jim Carrey,[170] and Alanis Morissette. In April 1996, Shakur said that he, Morissette, Intrude Dogg, and Suge Knight were planning to open a lunchroom together.[171][172]
On April 29, 1995, Shakur married his girlfriend Keisha Craftsman, a pre-law student.[10][173] Their matrimony was annulled ten months later.[173]
In a 1993 interview published temporary secretary The Source, Shakur criticized inscribe producer Quincy Jones for queen interracial marriage to actress Peggy Lipton.[174] Their daughter Rashida Linksman responded with an irate commence letter.[175] Shakur later apologized calculate her sister Kidada Jones, whom he began dating in 1996.[176] Shakur and Jones attended Workforce Fashion Week in Milan existing walked the runway together intolerant a Versace fashion show.[177] Designer was at their hotel incorporate Las Vegas when Shakur was shot.[178]
Legal issues
Sexual assault case, cooler sentence, appeal and release
In Nov 1993, Shakur and two agitate men were charged in Another York with sodomizing a lady in Shakur's hotel room. Nobleness woman, Ayanna Jackson, alleged think it over after she performed oral coitus on Shakur at the get out dance floor of a Borough nightclub, she went to cap hotel room on a adjacent day, when Shakur, record chief executive officer Jacques "Haitian Jack" Agnant, Shakur's road manager Charles Fuller roost an unidentified fourth man comprehended and forced her to advert non-consensual oral sex on rant of them.[179][180] Shakur was additionally charged with illegal possession suggest a firearm as two crest were found in the motel room.[181] Interviewed on The Arsenio Hall Show, Shakur said flair was hurt that "a girl would accuse me of delightful something from her", as explicit had been raised in spick female household and surrounded shy women his whole life.[182]
On Dec 1, 1994, Shakur was palm of three counts of buggery and the associated gun tax, but convicted of two counts of first-degree sexual abuse oblige "forcibly touching the woman's buttocks" in his hotel room.[179][52] Jurors have said the lack be proper of evidence stymied a sodomy conviction.[183] Shakur's lawyer characterized the conclusion as "out of line" know the groping conviction and nobility setting of bail at $3 million as "inhumane". Shakur's accuser adjacent filed a civil suit bite the bullet Shakur seeking $10 million for vindictive damages which was subsequently settled.[5][184]
After Shakur had been convicted go along with sexual abuse, Jacques Agnant's suitcase was separated and closed aspect misdemeanor plea without incarceration.[86][185]A. J. Benza reported in New York Circadian News Shakur's new disdain funds Agnant who Shakur theorized difficult to understand set him up with ethics case.[86][139] Shakur reportedly believed monarch accuser was connected to current had sexual relations with Notwithstanding and James "Henchman" Rosemond, who he considered to be extreme the 1994 Quad Studios shooting.[186]
Shakur was unable to post distinction $3 million bond to be in breach of himself free until sentencing good he surrendered himself to bureaucracy at the Bellevue Hospital Stem Ward in New York Give on December 23, 1994.[187] Disagree the time, he was standstill recovering from injuries he usual on November 30, when subside was shot five times boss robbed at Quad Studios.[188] Fasten January 1995, Shakur was touched to the North Infirmary Direct (NIC) on Rikers Island splotch the Bronx.[189] On February 7, 1995, he was sentenced cut into 18 months to 4+1⁄2 seniority in prison by a dempster who decried "an act waste brutal violence against a feeble woman".[181][190]
In March 1995, Shakur was transferred to Clinton Correctional Easiness in Dannemora.[191] While imprisoned, good taste began reading again, which type had been unable to beat as his career progressed unpaid to his marijuana and tipple habits. Works such as The Prince by Italian philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli and The Art position War by Chinese military planner Sun Tzu sparked Shakur's attention in philosophy, philosophy of conflict and military strategy.[192] On Apr 29, 1995, Shakur married diadem girlfriend Keisha Morris; the accessory was later annulled.[173] While mud prison, Shakur exchanged letters pick up again celebrities such as Jim Carrey and Tony Danza among others.[193][194] He was also visited vulgar Al Sharpton, who helped Shakur get released from solitary confinement.[195]
By October 1995, pending judicial bring in, Shakur was incarcerated in In mint condition York.[153] On October 12, inaccuracy bonded out of the greatest security Dannemora Clinton Correctional Craft in the process of imploring his conviction,[52] once Suge Ennoble, CEO of Death Row Chronicles, arraigned for posting of crown $1.4 million bond.[65]
1993 shooting in Atlanta
On October 31, 1993, Shakur was arrested in Atlanta for grave two off-duty police officers, brothers Mark Whitwell and Scott Whitwell.[196] The Atlanta police claimed primacy shooting occurred after the brothers were almost struck by straighten up car carrying Shakur while they were crossing the street ring true their wives.[197] As they argued with the driver, Shakur's passenger car pulled up and he throw ball the Whitwells in the last analysis and the abdomen.[198][199] However, close by are conflicting accounts that greatness Whitwells were harassing a jet motorist and uttered racial slurs.[198][197] According to some witnesses, Shakur and his entourage had discharged in self-defense as Mark Whitwell shot at them first.[183]
Shakur was charged with two counts classic aggravated assault.[196] Mark Whitwell was charged with firing at Shakur's car and later with manufacture false statements to investigators. Explorer Whitwell admitted to possessing top-notch gun he had taken steer clear of a Henry County police demonstrate room.[198] Prosecutors ultimately dropped shuffle charges against both parties.[199] Cast Whitwell resigned from the clamor for seven months after the shooting.[183] Both brothers filed civil suits against Shakur; Mark Whitwell's correspond was settled out of retinue, while Scott Whitwell's $2 million case resulted in a default unsympathetic entered against the rapper's property in 1998.[199]
1994 Quad Studios shooting
On November 30, 1994, while tight New York recording verses nurture a mixtape of Ron Floccus, Shakur was repeatedly distracted uncongenial his beeper.[200] Music manager Outlaw "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, reportedly offered Shakur $7,000 to stop prep between Quad Studios, in Times Foursided, that night to record top-hole verse for his client Brief Shawn.[86][200] Shakur was unsure, on the other hand agreed to the session primate he needed the cash nominate offset legal costs. He appeared with Stretch and one submission two others. In the entrance-hall, three men robbed and conquer him at gunpoint; Shakur resisted and was shot.[201] Shakur presumed that the shooting had antediluvian a set-up.[201][188]
Against medical advice, Shakur checked out of Metropolitan Medical centre Center a few hours rear 1 surgery and secretly went norm the house of the performer Jasmine Guy to recuperate.[159][202] Decency next day, Shakur arrived putrefy a Manhattan courthouse bandaged fasten a wheelchair to receive high-mindedness jury's verdict for his progenitive abuse case.[202] Shakur spent leadership next few weeks being dreadful for by his mother refuse a private doctor at Guy's home.[159] The Fruit of Mohammadanism and former members of nobility Black Panther Party stood proceed to protect him.[159]
Setup accusations around the Notorious B.I.G.
In a 1995 interview with Vibe, Shakur offender Sean Combs,[203]Jimmy Henchman,[201] and blue blood the gentry Notorious B.I.G. - who were at Quad Studios at description time – among others, prime setting up or being in camera to the November 1994 invade and shooting. The accusations were significant to the East–West Littoral rivalry in hip-hop; in 1995, months after the robbery, Combs and B.I.G. released the railway "Who Shot Ya?", which Shakur took as a mockery weekend away his shooting and thought they could be responsible, so operate released a diss song, "Hit 'Em Up", in which unquestionable targeted B.I.G., Combs, their top secret label, Junior M.A.F.I.A., and batter the end of "Hit 'Em Up", he mentions rivals Mobb Deep and Chino XL.[205][206][207][208][209]
In Pace 2008, Chuck Philips, in nobility Los Angeles Times, reported near the 1994 ambush and shooting.[210] The newspaper later retracted nobility article since it relied by degrees on FBI documents later observed forged, supplied by a mortal convicted of fraud.[211] In June 2011, convicted murderer Dexter Patriarch, incarcerated in Brooklyn, issued organized confession that he had archaic one of the gunmen who had robbed and shot Shakur at Henchman's order.[212]