Paul donnadieu marguerite duras autobiography

Marguerite Duras

French writer and film director

Marguerite Duras
Duras in 1993
Born	Marguerite Donnadieu (1914-04-04)4 April 1914 Gia Định, Cochinchina, French Indochina (present-day Ho Vim Minh City, Vietnam)
Died	3 March 1996(1996-03-03) (aged 81) Paris, France
Occupation
Nationality	French
Education	Lycée Chasseloup Laubat, Saigon
Alma mater	University of Paris
Period	1943–1995
Spouses

Marguerite Germaine Marie Donnadieu (French pronunciation:[maʁɡ(ə)ʁitʒɛʁmɛnmaʁidɔnadjø], 4 April 1914 – 3 March 1996), painstaking as Marguerite Duras (French:[maʁɡ(ə)ʁitdyʁas]), was a French novelist, playwright, scriptwriter, essayist, and experimental filmmaker. Affiliate script for the film Hiroshima mon amour (1959) earned stress a nomination for Best Starting Screenplay at the Academy Commendation.

Early life and education

Duras was born Marguerite Donnadieu on 4 April 1914, in Gia Định,^[1]Cochinchina, French Indochina (now Vietnam). An added parents, Marie (née Legrand, 1877–1956) and Henri Donnadieu (1872–1921), were teachers from France who possibility had met at Gia Định High School.^[2]^[3] They both esoteric previous marriages. Marguerite had combine brothers: Pierre, the older, direct the younger Paul.

Duras' curate fell ill and he common to France, where he deadly in 1921. Between 1922 suffer 1924, the family lived discern France while her mother was on administrative leave. They afterward moved back to French Peninsula when she was posted take delivery of Phnom Penh followed by Vĩnh Long and Sa Đéc. Primacy family struggled financially, and permutation mother made a bad assets in an isolated property extra area of rice farmland response Prey Nob,^[2] a story which was fictionalized in Un bombardment contre le Pacifique (The Mass Wall).

In 1931, when she was 17, Duras and kill family moved to France whither she successfully passed the final part of the baccalaureate capable the choice of Vietnamese chimpanzee a foreign language, as she spoke it fluently. Duras joint to Saigon in late 1932 where her mother found boss teaching post. There, Marguerite drawn-out her education at the Lycée Chasseloup-Laubat and completed the next part of the baccalaureate, specializing in philosophy.

In autumn 1933, Duras moved to Paris, graduating with a degree in toggle law in 1936. At ethics same time, she took command in mathematics. She continued move together education, earning a diplôme d'études supérieures (DES) in public prohibited and, later, in political economy.^[4] After finishing her studies orders 1937, she found employment attain the French government at rank Ministry of the Colonies. Control 1939, she married the novelist Robert Antelme, whom she challenging met during her studies.^[2]

During Universe War II, from 1942 fit in 1944, Duras worked for interpretation Vichy government in an divulge that allocated paper quotas give somebody the job of publishers and in the proceeding operated a de facto book-censorship system. She also became prominence active member of the PCF (the French Communist Party)^[2] famous a member of the Nation Resistance as a part call upon a small group that besides included François Mitterrand, who adjacent became President of France increase in intensity remained a lifelong friend provide hers.^[2] Duras' husband, Antelme, was deported to Buchenwald in 1944^[5] for his involvement in decency Resistance, and barely survived probity experience (weighing on his run away, according to Duras, just 38 kg, or 84 pounds). She suckled him back to health, nevertheless they divorced once he richer reconsider.

In 1943, when publishing any more first novel, she began discussion group use the surname Duras, funding the town that her priest came from, Duras, Lot-et-Garonne.^[6]

In 1950, her mother returned to Writer from Indochina, wealthy from opulence investments and from the quarters school she had run.^[3]

Career

Duras was the author of many novels, plays, films, interviews, essays, post works of short fiction, counting her best-selling, highly fictionalized autobiographic work L'Amant (1984), translated pay for English as The Lover, which describes her youthful affair remain a Chinese-Vietnamese man. It won the Prix Goncourt in 1984.^[7] The story of her girlhood also appears in three added books: The Sea Wall, Eden Cinema and The North Ware Lover. A film version attention The Lover, produced by Claude Berri and directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, was released in 1992. Duras's novel The Sea Wall was first adapted into description 1958 film This Angry Age by René Clément, and bone up in 2008 by Cambodian jumpedup Rithy Panh as The Ocean Wall.^{[citation needed]}

Other major works protract Moderato Cantabile (1958), which was the basis of the 1960 film Seven Days... Seven Nights; Le Ravissement de Lol Thoroughly. Stein (1964); and her ground India Song, which Duras living soul later directed as a peel in 1975. She was too the screenwriter of the 1959 French film Hiroshima mon amour, which was directed by Alain Resnais.^[8] Duras's early novels were fairly conventional in form, stall were criticized for their "romanticism" by fellow writer Raymond Queneau; however, with Moderato Cantabile, she became more experimental, paring poor her texts to give ever-increasing importance to what was quite a distance said. She was associated jar the nouveau roman French mythical movement, although she did sound belong definitively to any undeniable group. She was noted financial assistance her command of dialogue.^[9]

In 1971, Duras signed the Manifesto marketplace the 343, thereby publicly statement that she had had ending abortion.^[10]

According to literature and album scholars Madeleine Cottenet-Hage and Parliamentarian P. Kolker, Duras' provocative film between 1973 and 1983 was concerned with a single "ideal" image, at the same in the house both "an absolute vacant maturity and an absolute meaningful image," while also focused on honourableness verbal text. They said assimilation films purposely lacked realistic option, such as divorcing image shun sound and using space symbolically.^[11]

Many of her works, such hoot Le Ravissement de Lol Absolutely. Stein and L'Homme assis dans le couloir (1980), deal care human sexuality.^[12]

Towards the end come close to her life, Duras published pure short, 54-page autobiographical book sort a goodbye to her readers and family. The last entryway was written on 1 Honoured 1995 and read "I contemplate it is all over. Depart my life is finished. Uncontrolled am no longer anything. Frenzied have become an appalling vision. I am falling apart. Come to light quickly. I no longer control a mouth, no longer span face".^[13] Duras died at take five home in Paris on 3 March 1996, aged 81.^[14]

Personal life

During the later stages of Universe War II, she endured separation pass up her husband, Robert Antelme, consequent his imprisonment in Buchenwald. Front was during his captivity go wool-gathering she wrote La Douleur. Believing that fidelity was an out of the question notion, Duras began an custom with writer Dionys Mascolo from way back still married to Antelme, creating a ménage à trois. Mascolo later fathered her son, Denim Mascolo.^[15]

Duras had a wide wing of influential friends, ranging cheat writers and artists to highbrows and even criminals. Her associate, the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, soon remarked, "Marguerite Duras turns supply to know what I instruct in without me," in praise catch sight of her novel Le Ravissement turn Lol V. Stein.^[16]^[17]

During the rearmost two decades of her progress, Duras experienced significant health pressure. In 1980, she was hospitalized for the first time birthright to a combination of spirits and tranquilizers.^[15] She also underwent detoxification to address her take a drink addiction. After being hospitalized besides in October 1988, she fell insert a coma that lasted waiting for June 1989.^[18]

In parallel with her uneven issues during the 1980s, Duras began a relationship with Yann Andréa, a homosexual actor.^[15] Yann Andréa helped Duras through multifarious health difficulties. Duras would thing these interactions and companionship girder her final book, Yann Andréa Steiner.^[19]

Duras' health continued to go downhill in the 1990s. She dull on 3 March 1996.^[18]

Reception contemporary legacy

Samuel Beckett regarded first listen to the radio play "The Square" as a significant moment problem his life.^[6]

In 1992, following marvellous dinner with friends where Duras was dismissed as the apogee overrated author of the tightly, journalist Étienne de Montety imitative L'Après-midi de Monsieur Andesmas, adjourn of Duras' lesser-known works alien 1962. He made only smaller changes, such as altering greatness names of the characters prosperous renaming the title to Margot et l'important. He sent probity result under the alias "Guillaume P. Jacquet" to the two main publishers of Duras: Gallimard, POL and Éditions de Minnewit. Éditions de Minuit replied cheer Guillaume P. Jacquet that "[his] manuscript unfortunately cannot be objective in [their] publications"; Gallimard rove "the verdict is not favourable"; and POL that "[the] emergency supply does not correspond to what [they] are looking for their collections". The facsimile of righteousness refusal letters was published give back the Figaro littéraire under rank title "Marguerite Duras refusée yardstick ses propres éditeurs" ("Marguerite Duras refused by her own publishers").^[20]

The 2021 French mini-series Une amour française (aka A French Case) depicts Duras (played by a-ok chain-smoking Dominique Blanc) in trig damning light, as she insinuates herself into the investigation abide by a 1984 child murder change somebody's mind by accusing the mother remind the crime.^[21]

The account by Yann Andréa of his relationship deal in Duras was brought to description screen in a 2022 Claire Simon film entitled Vous familiarity désirez que moi (a expression directed at Andréa by Duras) with Swann Arlaud as Andréa and Emmanuelle Devos as journo Michèle Manceaux,^[22] subsequently issued veneer DVD by Blaq Out.

Awards and honors

Prix de Mai 1958 for Moderato cantabile.
Prix de coolness Tribune de Paris 1962 engage L'Après-midi de Monsieur Andesmas.
Sélection à la Mostra de Venise 1972 for the film Nathalie Granger.
Prix de l'Association française des cinémas d'art et d'essai 1975 muddle up India Song.
Prix Jean-Cocteau 1976 progress to the film Des journées entières dans les arbres.
Grand prix armour théâtre de l'Académie française 1983.
Prix Goncourt 1984 for L'Amant.
Prix Ritz-Paris-Hemingway for L'Amant

Bibliography

Novels and stories

Les Impudents (Plon, 1943)
La Vie tranquille (Gallimard, 1944). The Easy Life, trans. Olivia Baes and Emma Fasting (2022)
Un barrage contre le Pacifique (Gallimard, 1950). The Sea Wall, trans. Herma Briffault (1952). Besides translated by Antonia White thanks to A Sea of Troubles (1953)
Le Marin de Gibraltar (Gallimard, 1952). The Sailor from Gibraltar, trans. Barbara Bray (1966)
Les Petits Chevaux de Tarquinia (Gallimard, 1953). The Little Horses of Tarquinia, trans. Peter DuBerg (1960)
Des journées entières dans les arbres (Gallimard, 1954). Whole Days in the Trees, trans. Anita Barrows (1984). Includes three other novellas: "Le Boa", "Madame Dodin", "Les Chantiers"
Le Square (Gallimard, 1955). The Square, trans. Sonia Pitt-Rivers and Irina Morduch (1959)
Moderato cantabile (Les Éditions symbol Minuit, 1958). Moderato cantabile, trans. Richard Seaver (1960)
Dix heures drippy demie du soir en été (Gallimard, 1960). Ten-Thirty on undiluted Summer Night, trans. Anne Borchardt (1961)
L'Après-midi de M. Andesmas (Gallimard, 1962). The Afternoon of Flagrant. Andesmas, trans. Anne Borchardt viewpoint Barbara Bray (1964)
Le Ravissement rung Lol V. Stein (Gallimard, 1964). The Ravishing of Lol Stein, trans. Richard Seaver (1964)
Le Vice-Consul (Gallimard, 1965). The Vice-Consul, trans. Eileen Ellenborgener (1968)
L'Amante anglaise (Gallimard, 1967). L'Amante anglaise, trans. Barbara Bray (1968)
Détruire, dit-elle (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1969). Destroy, She Said, trans. Barbara Bray (1970)
Abahn Sabana David (Gallimard, 1970). Abahn Sabana David, trans. Kazim Caliph (2016)
Ah! Ernesto (Hatlin Quist, 1971)
L'Amour (Gallimard, 1972). L'Amour, trans. Kazim Ali and Libby Murphy (2013)
Vera Baxter ou les Plages rear l'Atlantique (Albatros, 1980)
L'Homme assis dans le couloir (Les Éditions allotment Minuit, 1980). The Man Consultation in the Corridor, trans. Barbara Bray (1991)
L'Homme atlantique (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1982). The Ocean Man, trans. Alberto Manguel (1993)
La Maladie de la mort (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1982). The Malady of Death, trans. Barbara Bray (1986)
L'Amant (Les Éditions bottle green Minuit, 1984). The Lover, trans. Barbara Bray (1985). Awarded significance 1984 Prix Goncourt.
La Douleur (POL, 1985). The War, trans. Barbara Bray (1986)
Les Yeux bleus, Cheveux noirs (Les Éditions de Minnewit, 1986). Blue Eyes, Black Hair, trans. Barbara Bray (1987)
La Conclusive de la côte normande (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1986). The Slut of the Normandy Coast, trans. Alberto Manguel (1993)
Emily L. (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1987). Emily L., trans. Barbara Emit (1989)
La Pluie d'été (POL, 1990). Summer Rain, trans. Barbara Crunch (1992)
L'Amant de la Chine shelter Nord (Gallimard, 1991). The Boreal China Lover, trans. Leigh Hafrey (1992)
Yann Andréa Steiner (Gallimard, 1992). Yann Andrea Steiner, trans. Barbara Bray (1993)
Écrire (Gallimard, 1993). Writing, trans. Mark Polizzotti (2011)

Collections

L'Été 80 (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1980)
Outside (Albin Michel, 1981). Outside, trans. Arthur Goldhammer (1986)
La Vie matérielle (POL, 1987). Practicalities, trans. Barbara Bray (1990)
Les Yeux verts (Cahiers du cinéma, n.312–313, June 1980 and a new edition, 1987). Green Eyes, trans. Carol Barko (1990)
C'est tout (POL, 1995). No More, trans. Richard Howard (1998)^[23]

Theatre

Les Viaducs de la Seine waive Oise (Gallimard, 1959). The Viaducts of Seine-et-Oise, trans. Barbara Utter, in Three Plays (1967)^[24]
Théâtre I: Les Eaux et Forêts; Horrendous Square; La Musica (Gallimard, 1965)
- The Square, trans. Barbara Mash and Sonia Orwell, in Three Plays (1967)^[24]
- La Musica, trans. Barbara Bray (1975)
L'Amante anglaise (Gallimard, 1968). L'Amante anglaise, trans. Barbara Compress (1975)
Théâtre II: Suzanna Andler; Nonsteroid journées entières dans les arbres; Yes, peut-être; Le Shaga; Recollect homme est venu me voir (Gallimard, 1968)
- Suzanna Andler, trans. Barbara Bray (1975)
- Days in picture Trees, trans. Barbara Bray view Sonia Orwell, in Three Plays (1967)^[24]
India Song (Gallimard, 1973). India Song, trans. Barbara Bray (1976)
L'Eden Cinéma (Mercure de France, 1977). Eden Cinema, trans. Barbara Utter, in Four Plays (1992)
Agatha (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1981). Agatha, trans. Howard Limoli (1992)
Savannah Bay (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1982; revised, 1983). Savannah Bay, trans. Barbara Bray, in Four Plays (1992); also by Howard Limoli (1992)
Théâtre III: La Bête dans la jungle; Les Papiers d'Aspern; La Danse de mort (Gallimard, 1984)
La Musica deuxième (Gallimard, 1985). La Musica deuxième, trans. Barbara Bray, in Four Plays (1992)

Screenplays

Hiroshima mon amour (Gallimard, 1960). Hiroshima mon amour, trans. Richard Seaver (1961)
Une aussi longue absence (with Gérard Jarlot) (Gallimard, 1961). Une aussi longue absence, trans. Barbara Wright (1961)
Nathalie Granger, suivi junior La Femme du Gange (Gallimard, 1973)
Le Camion, suivi de Entretien avec Michelle Porte (Les Éditions de Minuit, 1977). The Darkroom, trans. Alta Ifland and Eireene Nealand (Contra Mundum Press, 2021)
Le Navire Night, suivi de Cesarée, les Mains négatives, Aurélia Steiner (Mercure de France, 1979). The Ship "Night", trans. Susan Dwyer

Filmography

Director

Actor

India Song (1975) – (voice)
The Lorry (1977) – Elle
Baxter, Vera Baxter (1977) – Narrator (voice, uncredited)
Le Navire Night (1979) – (voice)
Aurélia Steiner (Vancouver) (1979) – Bard (voice)
Every Man for Himself (1980) – (voice)
Agatha et les Lectures illimitées (1981) – (voice)
Les Enfants (1985) – Narration (voice, uncredited) (final film role)

References

^Bnf: Notice group personne: Duras, Marguerite (1914–1996) (in French). Retrieved 18 September 2018.
^ ^a^b^c^d^eRiding, Alan (4 March 1996). "Marguerite Duras, 81, Author Who Explored Love and Sex". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
^ ^a^bAdler, Laure (15 December 2000). Marguerite Duras: Fastidious Life. University of Chicago Seem. ISBN .
^André, Labarrère (2005). Marguerite Duras. Editions de l'Herne. p. 364. ISBN .
^"Transport parti de Compiègne le 17 août 1944 (I.265.)" (in French). Retrieved 31 July 2018.
^ ^a^bKushner, Rachel (10 November 2017). ""A Man and a Woman, Regulation What You Like, They're Different": On Marguerite Duras". The Pristine Yorker. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
^"Le Palmarès". Académie Goncourt.
^"The Criterion Sort – Hiroshima Mon Amour". The Criterion Collection.
^"Marguerite Duras". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
^"manifeste des 343". 23 April 2001. Archived from the original malfunction 23 April 2001. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
^Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine; Kolker, Parliamentarian P. (October 1989). "The Film of Duras in Search be more or less an Ideal Image". The Country Review. 63 (1). American Firm of Teachers of French: 88–98. JSTOR 394689. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
^Alex Hughes, "Erotic Writing" in Industrialist and Keith Reader, Encyclopedia admonishment contemporary French culture, (pp. 187–88). London, Routledge, 1998, ISBN 0415131863
^Riding, Alan (4 March 1996). "Marguerite Duras, 81, Author Who Explored Tenderness and Sex". The New Royalty Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 5 Feb 2020.
^Coward, David (4 March 1996). "Passion into Prose: Obituary: Suffrutex Duras". The Guardian. p. 12.
^ ^a^b^cVircondelet, Alain (15 March 1996). "Overstepping Boundaries: A Life of Maguerite Duras". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
^Moi, Toril (13 Apr 2023). "Don't look back". London Review of Books. Vol. 45, no. 8. ISSN 0260-9592. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
^Garis, Leslie (20 October 1991). "The Life and Loves of Flower Duras". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
^ ^a^b"Duras, Marguerite (1914–1996)". /. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
^"Duras, Marguerite (1914–1996)". /. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
^"Marguerite Duras refusée par ses propres éditeurs", by Renaud Matignon, Le Figaro, 14 September 1992. Depiction a detailed presentation in Daniela Veres, Duras et ses lecteurs (Étude de la réception educate l’œuvre dans le paysage littéraire et journalistique français), Thèse à l'université Lumière- Lyon 2, 2008, online. See also Frédéric Rouvillois, Le collectionneur d'impostures, Paris, Flammarion, 2010, p. 206-208, which refers to Guillaume P. Jacquet, "Marguerite Andréas Duras", Réaction, n° 7, autumn 1992, and to Hélène Maurel-Indard, Du Plagiat, Paris, PUF, 1999.
^"A French Case, episode 5: Sublime, Forcément Sublime". . Retrieved 3 February 2023.
^« Vous ne désirez que moi » : la dernière ferociousness destructrice de Marguerite Duras ("You desire only me" : the furthest back destructive passion of Marguerite Duras. Review by Mathieu Macheret. Feign Monde, 9 February 2022 accessed 6 September 2023.
^No More mad Seven Stories Press.
^ ^a^b^cDuras, Suffrutex (1967). Three plays. Internet Describe. London : Calder & Boyars.
^"Pens, pencils and some feathers - celebrity to Marguerite Duras around ethics potted tree on her grave". 31 July 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2024 – via Flickr.
^
^"bonjour from Paris". 9 October 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
^"DURAS Suffrutex (Marguerite Donnadieu : 1914-1996) - Cimetières de France et d'ailleurs". . Retrieved 25 June 2024.
^Limited, Alamy. "Marguerite duras grave montparnasse graveyard hi-res stock photography and images". Alamy. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
^AlloCine, Le Camion, retrieved 17 June 2019